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剪力墙是指什么墙？剪力墙中，关于 墙，柱 梁 的识别是什么？建筑上还有哪些墙体？ - 工程施工 - 项目管理 - 氿上知道
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主要承受风荷载或地震作用所产生的水平剪力的墙体。 分平面剪力墙和筒体剪力墙。平面剪力墙用于钢筋混凝土框架结构、升板结构、无梁楼盖体系中。为增加结构的刚度、强度及抗倒塌能力，在某些部位可现浇或预制装配钢筋混凝土剪力墙。现浇剪力墙与周边梁、柱同时浇筑，整体性好。筒体剪力墙用于高层建筑、高耸结构和悬吊结构中 ，由电梯间、楼梯间、设备及辅助用房的间隔墙围成，筒壁均为现浇钢筋混凝土墙体，其刚度和强度较平面剪力墙高可承受较大的水平荷载。 墙根据受力特点可以分为承重墙和剪力墙，前者以承受竖向荷载为主，如砌体墙；后者以承受水平荷载为主。在抗震设防区，水平荷载主要由水平地震作用产生，因此剪力墙有时也称为抗震墙。 剪力墙按结构材料可以分为钢筋混凝土剪力墙、钢板剪力墙、型钢混凝土剪力墙和配筋砌块剪力墙。其中以钢筋混凝土剪力墙最为常用。